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Reclaiming Two-Spirits: Sexuality, Spiritual Renewal & Sovereignty in Native America (Queer Ideas/Queer Action)

Description:

Winner of the 2023 Prose Award in Cultural Anthropology and SociologyFinalist for the 2023 Publishing Triangle Randy Shilts Award for Gay Nonfiction

A sweeping history of Indigenous traditions of gender, sexuality, and resistance that reveals how, despite centuries of colonialism, Two-Spirit people are reclaiming their place in Native nations.


Reclaiming Two-Spirits decolonizes the history of gender and sexuality in Native North America. It honors the generations of Indigenous people who had the foresight to take essential aspects of their cultural life and spiritual beliefs underground in order to save them.

Before 1492, hundreds of Indigenous communities across North America included people who identified as neither male nor female, but both. They went by
aakíí’skassi, miati, okitcitakwe or one of hundreds of other tribally specific identities. After European colonizers invaded Indian Country, centuries of violence and systematic persecution followed, imperiling the existence of people who today call themselves Two-Spirits, an umbrella term denoting feminine and masculine qualities in one person.

Drawing on written sources, archaeological evidence, art, and oral storytelling,
Reclaiming Two-Spirits spans the centuries from Spanish invasion to the present, tracing massacres and inquisitions and revealing how the authors of colonialism’s written archives used language to both denigrate and erase Two-Spirit people from history. But as Gregory Smithers shows, the colonizers failed—and Indigenous resistance is core to this story. Reclaiming Two-Spirits amplifies their voices, reconnecting their history to Native nations in the 21st century.

Editorial Reviews

Review

“Provid[es] deeper insight into the experiences, cultures, and futures of Two-Spirit communities.”
Foreword Reviews

"Smithers' book contains a great many citations and tackles that mythology head-on, as it relates to the roles of Two-Spirit persons in the histories of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas. But Smithers...goes much further, elaborating on the term "Two-Spirit" itself."
Bay Area Reporter

“…a carefully documented work in tune with the tremendous resilience, creativity, and community-building of LGBT Native Americans in overcoming centuries of European persecution, misinterpretation, and appropriation of Indigenous cultures in general and Native sexual and gender diversity in particular.”
The Gay & Lesbian Review

“From the onset of colonization until well into the present, the discourse and histories of Two-Spirit Indigenous peoples remains a puzzle for Indigenous and non-Indigenous people alike.
Reclaiming Two-Spirits will help you solve that puzzle. Using familiar and obscure stories, Smithers skillfully reveals the centrality of Two-Spirit struggles within the matrix of settler colonial domination and the Indigenous struggle for freedom. He reveals the destructive nature of colonial violence and the possibilities of a Two-Spirit future. An original contribution to Indigenous cultural and intellectual histories, an understanding of the links between language and power, and Indigenous futures, this book will not only educate your mind, but will also touch your spirit.”
—Kyle T. Mays (Black/Saginaw Chippewa), author of
An Afro-Indigenous History of the United States

“Gregory D. Smithers’s
Reclaiming Two-Spirits sheds welcome light on the deeply misunderstood topic of how Native Americans with diverse sexual and gender identities relate to both their native cultures and the settler societies—they embrace traditional roles that are often disavowed in their native cultures due to the legacy of colonialism, while at the same time resisting conflation with LGBT identities of Eurocentric origin. Smithers’ obvious sympathy for his subject, along with his cogent scholarship, engaging storytelling, and lucid prose, makes the complexly contested space that Two-Spirit people occupy accessible and understandable to general audiences of Natives and settlers alike.”
—Susan Stryker, author of
Transgender History: The Roots of Today’s Revolution, and founding co-editor, TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly

Reclaiming Two-Spirits is by far the most compelling study to date of an evolving tradition and way of life that has always operated according to a cultural logic of its own and that we can appreciate fully only by taking that cultural logic seriously. Setting aside Anglo-American assumptions and categories, Smithers has listened closely to Two-Spirit people in the present and to traces of their voices in historical sources. This book is a major contribution to our understanding of Native American cultures and to an authentically diverse history of gender and sexuality.”
—Richard Godbeer, author of
Sexual Revolution in Early America

Reclaiming Two-Spirits is the book that we’ve been waiting for! Finally, a readable and reliable guide to the history of America’s Two-Spirit people.”
—Rachel Hope Cleves, author of
Charity and Sylvia: A Same-Sex Marriage in Early America

“Smithers’s
Reclaiming Two-Spirits compels readers to rethink gender and sexuality from the nonbinary point of view of Indigenous cultures, which uses gender-neutral and polyvalent words to express an array of identities. Smithers recovers the Two-Spirits who lie hidden beneath the homophobic language of archival records, obliging not only historians but everyone who cares about Indigenous peoples to be more aware of gender biases and how language is a tool of colonization.”
—David Martínez (Akimel O’odham/Hia Ced O’odham/Mexican), author of
Life of the Indigenous Mind

“Lost teachings are found in this compelling revelation on the complexity of Two-Spirit people. Based on chronicles of Native culture and historical documents, as well as oral histories and interviews,
Reclaiming Two-Spirits offers an understanding of how Two-Spirit gives balance in a binary world. A reminder to everyone to have more empathy and compassion.”
—Lynette Allston, chief of the Nottoway Indian Tribe of Virginia

About the Author

Gregory D. Smithers is professor of American history and Eminent Scholar at Virginia Commonwealth University and a British Academy Global Professor at the University of Hull in England. His research focuses on Cherokee and Southeastern Indigenous history, as well as gender, sexuality, racial and environmental history. His books include Native Southerners: Indigenous History from Origins to Removal and The Cherokee Diaspora: An Indigenous History of Migration, Resettlement, and Identity. Follow him at gregorysmithers.com and on Twitter (@GD_Smithers).

Review:

5.0 out of 5 stars Get it!

D. · August 24, 2024

If you’re on the fence about getting this- do it. The writer feels like they’re talking right to you. Amazing information as well. 10/10.-Higuayagua Taino of the Caribbean

5.0 out of 5 stars Can’t wait to finish it!

B. · November 10, 2022

I’ve been waiting on this title to arrive for so long, and will devour it!

4.0 out of 5 stars Informative and important

H.L.H. · May 18, 2024

This is a deep dive into indigenous queer history with a ton of important facts around different practices and beliefs, origins, and modern interpretations. It's an important piece of research into the intersection of the indigenous community and the queer community.

5.0 out of 5 stars Great

T.K. · July 9, 2024

I really enjoyed this book. It explored a topic I knew little about: the Native history of gender and sexual fluidity and diversitySmithers does a great job of unpacking this history and showing our Native communities came together throughout colonial expansion and violence to shield and protect their legacies of kinship, knowledge, community, and diversity in gender and sexual expression. Like the world itself, gender and sexuality are dynamic, changing, and fluid.Two-spirit is an ever-evolving term and Smithers tracks its development and, ultimately, contested nature. Highly recommended!

1.0 out of 5 stars Not from the source

F.H. · March 3, 2025

Not written by an Indigenous Two Spirit person. Unable to return and be refunded.

1.0 out of 5 stars A lack of

M.D.K. · May 24, 2025

The whole “2 spirit” thing is a lie and distortion of history, it is NOT some ancient tribal idea belonging to America’s indigenous peoplesThe truth is that this “2 spirit” garbage was invented by far left, radical, gender ideologues in the 1990sThis book is merely propaganda disguised as research and history

4.0 out of 5 stars Informative, interesting

K. · June 27, 2023

Really informative, well-researched, helps show that gender and sexual diversity is not a modern invention and had been accepted and celebrated in many non wester-European societies historically. Good narrator for the audiobook version.

Reclaiming Two-Spirits: Sexuality, Spiritual Renewal & Sovereignty in Native America (Queer Ideas/Queer Action)

Product ID: U0807003468
Condition: New

4.4

BHD1592

Price includes VAT & Import Duties
Type: Hardcover
Availability: In Stock

Quantity:

|

Order today to get by

Free delivery on orders over BHD 20

Return and refund policies

Imported From: United States

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Unless otherwise stated during checkout, all prices displayed on the product page include applicable taxes and import duties.

bolo.bh operates in accordance with the laws and regulations of Bahrain. Any items found to be restricted or prohibited for sale within the UAE will be cancelled prior to shipment. We take proactive measures to ensure that only products permitted for sale in Bahrain are listed on our website.

All items are shipped by air, and any products classified as “Dangerous Goods (DG)” under IATA regulations will be removed from the order and cancelled.

All orders are processed manually, and we make every effort to process them promptly once confirmed. Products cancelled due to the above reasons will be permanently removed from listings across the website.

Similar suggestions by Bolo

More from this brand

Similar items from “Native American”

Reclaiming Two-Spirits: Sexuality, Spiritual Renewal & Sovereignty in Native America (Queer Ideas/Queer Action)

Product ID: U0807003468
Condition: New

4.4

Type: Hardcover

BHD1592

Price includes VAT & Import Duties
Availability: In Stock

Quantity:

|

Order today to get by

Free delivery on orders over BHD 20

Return and refund policies

Imported From: United States

At bolo.bh, we stand behind the authenticity and quality of every product we sell. We guarantee that all items offered on our website are 100% genuine, sourced directly from authorized distributors, trusted partners, or the original brands themselves.

We do not sell counterfeit, replica, or unauthorized goods. Each product undergoes thorough inspection and verification at our consolidation and fulfilment centers to ensure it meets our strict authenticity and quality standards before being shipped and delivered to you.

If you ever have concerns regarding the authenticity of a product purchased from us, please contact Bolo Support . We will review your inquiry promptly and, if necessary, provide documentation verifying authenticity or offer a suitable resolution.

Your trust is our top priority, and we are committed to maintaining transparency and integrity in every transaction.

All product information, including images, descriptions, and reviews, is provided by third-party vendors. bolo.bh is not responsible for any claims, promotions, or representations made within product content or images. For more accurate or detailed product information, please contact the manufacturer directly or reach out to Bolo Support.

Unless otherwise stated during checkout, all prices displayed on the product page include applicable taxes and import duties.

bolo.bh operates in accordance with the laws and regulations of Bahrain. Any items found to be restricted or prohibited for sale within the UAE will be cancelled prior to shipment. We take proactive measures to ensure that only products permitted for sale in Bahrain are listed on our website.

All items are shipped by air, and any products classified as “Dangerous Goods (DG)” under IATA regulations will be removed from the order and cancelled.

All orders are processed manually, and we make every effort to process them promptly once confirmed. Products cancelled due to the above reasons will be permanently removed from listings across the website.

Description:

Winner of the 2023 Prose Award in Cultural Anthropology and SociologyFinalist for the 2023 Publishing Triangle Randy Shilts Award for Gay Nonfiction

A sweeping history of Indigenous traditions of gender, sexuality, and resistance that reveals how, despite centuries of colonialism, Two-Spirit people are reclaiming their place in Native nations.


Reclaiming Two-Spirits decolonizes the history of gender and sexuality in Native North America. It honors the generations of Indigenous people who had the foresight to take essential aspects of their cultural life and spiritual beliefs underground in order to save them.

Before 1492, hundreds of Indigenous communities across North America included people who identified as neither male nor female, but both. They went by
aakíí’skassi, miati, okitcitakwe or one of hundreds of other tribally specific identities. After European colonizers invaded Indian Country, centuries of violence and systematic persecution followed, imperiling the existence of people who today call themselves Two-Spirits, an umbrella term denoting feminine and masculine qualities in one person.

Drawing on written sources, archaeological evidence, art, and oral storytelling,
Reclaiming Two-Spirits spans the centuries from Spanish invasion to the present, tracing massacres and inquisitions and revealing how the authors of colonialism’s written archives used language to both denigrate and erase Two-Spirit people from history. But as Gregory Smithers shows, the colonizers failed—and Indigenous resistance is core to this story. Reclaiming Two-Spirits amplifies their voices, reconnecting their history to Native nations in the 21st century.

Editorial Reviews

Review

“Provid[es] deeper insight into the experiences, cultures, and futures of Two-Spirit communities.”
Foreword Reviews

"Smithers' book contains a great many citations and tackles that mythology head-on, as it relates to the roles of Two-Spirit persons in the histories of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas. But Smithers...goes much further, elaborating on the term "Two-Spirit" itself."
Bay Area Reporter

“…a carefully documented work in tune with the tremendous resilience, creativity, and community-building of LGBT Native Americans in overcoming centuries of European persecution, misinterpretation, and appropriation of Indigenous cultures in general and Native sexual and gender diversity in particular.”
The Gay & Lesbian Review

“From the onset of colonization until well into the present, the discourse and histories of Two-Spirit Indigenous peoples remains a puzzle for Indigenous and non-Indigenous people alike.
Reclaiming Two-Spirits will help you solve that puzzle. Using familiar and obscure stories, Smithers skillfully reveals the centrality of Two-Spirit struggles within the matrix of settler colonial domination and the Indigenous struggle for freedom. He reveals the destructive nature of colonial violence and the possibilities of a Two-Spirit future. An original contribution to Indigenous cultural and intellectual histories, an understanding of the links between language and power, and Indigenous futures, this book will not only educate your mind, but will also touch your spirit.”
—Kyle T. Mays (Black/Saginaw Chippewa), author of
An Afro-Indigenous History of the United States

“Gregory D. Smithers’s
Reclaiming Two-Spirits sheds welcome light on the deeply misunderstood topic of how Native Americans with diverse sexual and gender identities relate to both their native cultures and the settler societies—they embrace traditional roles that are often disavowed in their native cultures due to the legacy of colonialism, while at the same time resisting conflation with LGBT identities of Eurocentric origin. Smithers’ obvious sympathy for his subject, along with his cogent scholarship, engaging storytelling, and lucid prose, makes the complexly contested space that Two-Spirit people occupy accessible and understandable to general audiences of Natives and settlers alike.”
—Susan Stryker, author of
Transgender History: The Roots of Today’s Revolution, and founding co-editor, TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly

Reclaiming Two-Spirits is by far the most compelling study to date of an evolving tradition and way of life that has always operated according to a cultural logic of its own and that we can appreciate fully only by taking that cultural logic seriously. Setting aside Anglo-American assumptions and categories, Smithers has listened closely to Two-Spirit people in the present and to traces of their voices in historical sources. This book is a major contribution to our understanding of Native American cultures and to an authentically diverse history of gender and sexuality.”
—Richard Godbeer, author of
Sexual Revolution in Early America

Reclaiming Two-Spirits is the book that we’ve been waiting for! Finally, a readable and reliable guide to the history of America’s Two-Spirit people.”
—Rachel Hope Cleves, author of
Charity and Sylvia: A Same-Sex Marriage in Early America

“Smithers’s
Reclaiming Two-Spirits compels readers to rethink gender and sexuality from the nonbinary point of view of Indigenous cultures, which uses gender-neutral and polyvalent words to express an array of identities. Smithers recovers the Two-Spirits who lie hidden beneath the homophobic language of archival records, obliging not only historians but everyone who cares about Indigenous peoples to be more aware of gender biases and how language is a tool of colonization.”
—David Martínez (Akimel O’odham/Hia Ced O’odham/Mexican), author of
Life of the Indigenous Mind

“Lost teachings are found in this compelling revelation on the complexity of Two-Spirit people. Based on chronicles of Native culture and historical documents, as well as oral histories and interviews,
Reclaiming Two-Spirits offers an understanding of how Two-Spirit gives balance in a binary world. A reminder to everyone to have more empathy and compassion.”
—Lynette Allston, chief of the Nottoway Indian Tribe of Virginia

About the Author

Gregory D. Smithers is professor of American history and Eminent Scholar at Virginia Commonwealth University and a British Academy Global Professor at the University of Hull in England. His research focuses on Cherokee and Southeastern Indigenous history, as well as gender, sexuality, racial and environmental history. His books include Native Southerners: Indigenous History from Origins to Removal and The Cherokee Diaspora: An Indigenous History of Migration, Resettlement, and Identity. Follow him at gregorysmithers.com and on Twitter (@GD_Smithers).

Review:

5.0 out of 5 stars Get it!

D. · August 24, 2024

If you’re on the fence about getting this- do it. The writer feels like they’re talking right to you. Amazing information as well. 10/10.-Higuayagua Taino of the Caribbean

5.0 out of 5 stars Can’t wait to finish it!

B. · November 10, 2022

I’ve been waiting on this title to arrive for so long, and will devour it!

4.0 out of 5 stars Informative and important

H.L.H. · May 18, 2024

This is a deep dive into indigenous queer history with a ton of important facts around different practices and beliefs, origins, and modern interpretations. It's an important piece of research into the intersection of the indigenous community and the queer community.

5.0 out of 5 stars Great

T.K. · July 9, 2024

I really enjoyed this book. It explored a topic I knew little about: the Native history of gender and sexual fluidity and diversitySmithers does a great job of unpacking this history and showing our Native communities came together throughout colonial expansion and violence to shield and protect their legacies of kinship, knowledge, community, and diversity in gender and sexual expression. Like the world itself, gender and sexuality are dynamic, changing, and fluid.Two-spirit is an ever-evolving term and Smithers tracks its development and, ultimately, contested nature. Highly recommended!

1.0 out of 5 stars Not from the source

F.H. · March 3, 2025

Not written by an Indigenous Two Spirit person. Unable to return and be refunded.

1.0 out of 5 stars A lack of

M.D.K. · May 24, 2025

The whole “2 spirit” thing is a lie and distortion of history, it is NOT some ancient tribal idea belonging to America’s indigenous peoplesThe truth is that this “2 spirit” garbage was invented by far left, radical, gender ideologues in the 1990sThis book is merely propaganda disguised as research and history

4.0 out of 5 stars Informative, interesting

K. · June 27, 2023

Really informative, well-researched, helps show that gender and sexual diversity is not a modern invention and had been accepted and celebrated in many non wester-European societies historically. Good narrator for the audiobook version.

Similar suggestions by Bolo

More from this brand

Similar items from “Native American”